VATS lobectomy is a surgical procedure in which one lobe of the lung is removed using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. A small camera and precise surgical instruments are inserted through small incisions in the chest wall, avoiding the need for a full open thoracotomy. The surgeon performs the procedure while viewing a high-definition monitor, allowing for accurate and minimally invasive intervention.
This type of surgery is most commonly used to treat early-stage lung cancer, particularly when the tumor is confined to a single lobe. It may also be performed in other cases such as localized bronchiectasis, chronic infections, pulmonary cysts, or calcified lesions causing complications. The procedure requires careful preoperative assessment of lung function to ensure that the remaining lung tissue can support adequate respiratory function.
The VATS approach offers several advantages over traditional open-chest surgery, including reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery. Cosmetic outcomes are improved due to the smaller incisions, and there is typically less blood loss and a reduced need for strong pain medications. The overall risk of complications is lower, making it a preferred option when applicable.
After lobectomy, the patient is monitored in the ICU or surgical ward depending on their condition. A chest tube is placed to drain air and fluids from the pleural space until the remaining lung fully re-expands. Pulmonary function is assessed regularly, and respiratory physiotherapy may be required to improve breathing capacity. Long-term follow-up is essential, especially in oncological cases, with periodic imaging and lab tests to monitor for recurrence or complications.
