Segmentectomy is a lung-sparing surgical procedure that involves removing an anatomical segment of the lung, which is smaller than a lobe but contains its own bronchus and blood supply. It is performed through VATS using small incisions in the chest wall. A high-definition camera and fine instruments are used to precisely visualize and isolate the segment for safe removal without a large thoracotomy.
This surgery is often indicated for early-stage lung cancer, especially when the tumor is small, localized, and surrounded by healthy tissue. It is also a preferred option for patients who are not fit for lobectomy due to reduced pulmonary reserve. In addition, it can be used to remove suspicious nodules, localized infections, or segments affected by chronic damage or recurrent bleeding.
Unlike lobectomy, which removes an entire lobe, segmentectomy targets only the diseased segment while preserving the rest of the lobe. This allows more healthy lung tissue to be retained, which is particularly beneficial for patients with chronic lung disease or limited pulmonary capacity. It’s a balance between oncologic effectiveness and preserving lung function.
After the operation, a chest tube is inserted temporarily to drain air and fluids from the pleural space. The patient is closely monitored with imaging to confirm proper lung re-expansion. Breathing exercises and early mobilization are encouraged to support lung recovery and prevent complications. Follow-up includes reviewing pathology results and planning further treatment if the resected lesion was malignant.
