A wedge resection is a surgical procedure used to remove a small, triangular section of lung tissue, typically performed through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Several small incisions are made in the chest wall to insert a camera and surgical tools, allowing precise removal of the targeted lung portion without a full thoracotomy. It is generally used when removing an entire lobe is not necessary.
This procedure is indicated for patients with small pulmonary nodules suspected of malignancy, or undiagnosed lung lesions requiring wide biopsy. It is also used in some cases of localized infections or benign masses that are symptomatic or carry a risk of progression. It is particularly suitable for patients who cannot tolerate a full lobectomy due to compromised lung function or chronic illnesses.
Being less extensive than lobectomy, this surgery causes less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, and faster recovery. There is also less blood loss and a lower risk of complications. The technique helps preserve more healthy lung tissue, and provides high-quality specimens for accurate histological diagnosis, especially in suspicious nodules.
Following the procedure, the patient is closely monitored, and a temporary chest tube is placed to drain air and fluids. Early mobilization and deep breathing exercises are encouraged to enhance lung function. Postoperative follow-up includes imaging studies and pathology review, especially if the procedure was diagnostic. In benign cases, recovery is quicker, and recurrence is rare.
