Endobronchial valves are a minimally invasive bronchoscopic treatment used in patients with emphysema, a subtype of COPD. Tiny one-way valves are inserted via bronchoscopy and placed into the airways supplying overinflated areas of the lung. These valves allow trapped air to exit during exhalation while preventing new air from entering, leading to volume reduction in the diseased region and improved expansion of healthier lung tissue.
This treatment is best suited for patients with heterogeneous emphysema where damage is localized to a specific lobe or segment, and who continue to suffer from severe breathlessness despite optimal medical therapy. Pre-procedure assessments include pulmonary function tests, high-resolution CT scans, and the Chartis test to evaluate collateral ventilation and determine candidacy.
Valve treatment reduces lung hyperinflation, improves diaphragmatic function, and shifts breathing effort to healthier lung areas. Many patients report better exercise tolerance, reduced dyspnea, and improved quality of life. The procedure is reversible, meaning valves can be removed if needed, offering a safe alternative to lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS).
Patients are observed after the procedure for potential complications such as pneumothorax or infection. Temporary symptoms like cough or chest tightness may occur. Follow-up includes imaging and spirometry to assess improvement. Pulmonary rehabilitation and continuation of medical therapy are strongly recommended for sustained benefit.
